Body Mass Index, popularly known as BMI, measures obesity. It is a measurement based on height and weight and is an indicator of obesity of a person. BMI is divided into three classes. Class I has BMI of 30-34.9, class II 35-39.9 and class III BMI >40. National Institutes of Health has defined normal BMI at 18.5-24.9.
Distribution of fat in the total body also plays a very important role as far as diseases due to obesity are concerned.The diseases that are common to obese persons are hypertension, type II diabetes, coronary heart disease, some cancers (colon, prostate, breast), gastrointestinal disease, and skin diseases.
Causes and effects of obesity
Obesity can be caused due to three reasons – genetics, lifestyle and diet. Too much comfortable lifestyle and regular consumption of excessive food are the main factors behind obesity. In some very rare cases, obesity is caused due to hypothyroidism or Cushing's syndrome.
If any person records a BMI of 25 or more, he or she must follow a healthy balanced diet, which has fewer calories per day. A low calorie diet has around 1000-1400 calories per day. Since he is an obese person, he or she must go for very less fat intake and increase consumption of fruits and vegetables.
USDA's Dietary Guidelines for Americans has suggested a diet for average obese Americans, which insisted for a variety of foods throughout the day. It includes fruits and vegetables five times a day in addition to whole grains, lean meat and low-fat or non-fat dairy products.
Prenatal Diet
During pregnancy, the expecting mother must have enough nutritious food so that the newborn sees the world, healthy. The following things are very important during pregnancy-
1)Calories – 200 or 300 calories must be added every day during second or third trimesters.
2)Protein -- It supplies materials for the growing tissues, which includes the placenta, the mother's blood and the baby. Doctors advise 74 grams of protein everyday during pregnancy.
3)Calcium – It is needed during the last three months when bone formation of the baby takes place. It is better to drink additional one quart of milk everyday.
4)Iron – Some iron supplement is necessary during the last three months, as the baby needs iron at that time. Mothers need it to increase their red blood supply.
5)Folic Acid – This vitamin is needed at the earliest stage of pregnancy when cell division takes place. It helps in brain and spine development. Have foods like orange juice, spinach and legumes or go for some vitamin supplements.
6)Fluids -- At least six to eight glasses of liquid a day is recommended, as some extra fluid is needed to feed the increased blood volume. Otherwise, it may affect the kidneys.
7)Sodium – It regulates the water in the body and thus 2,000 to 8,000 milligrams of sodium a day is very much needed during pregnancy.
It is always advisable to avoid junk food, alcohol, and
Caffeine during pregnancy as these may do damage to the body.
Summary
One must measure the Body Mass Index or BMI regularly to have a control on the obesity. Regular low fat and low calorie diet can help in reducing the obesity of a person.
Diet during pregnancy is very important, both to the mother and the child. During pregnancy, mother must intake in sufficient quantities of Calories, Calcium, Protein, Iron,
Folic Acid, Fluids, Sodium and must avoid junk food, alcohol, and caffeine.
Knife crime is emerging as a very important social problem in the UK. Though the Government and their agencies are trying desperately to promote the statistical figures that knife crime is going down, the public perception about the crime is totally different from these government figures. It has been mentioned in the website http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2008/may/13/ukcrime.boris that the Metropolitan police have claimed that knife crime has gone down by 15.22% with the number of incidents dropping from 12,122 to 10,220. It has been stated in the above website that still there is a knife crime every 52 minutes and in terms of numbers, it is four times that of gun crimes. A survey done by Youth Justice Board stated in the above website has mentioned that number of teenagers carrying knives has increased by 12% since 2002, with girls carrying knives increasing dramatically from 15% in 2004 to 21% in 2005.
The participants in the research concluded that knife crime existed in the society and it has only gone up drastically over the past few years. They also feel that lack of parental supervision was not a factor for increase in knife crime. It has been seen that many young people having good parental support are carrying knives. The research shows that these people have started carrying knives under the influence of media. They feel that media has over glorified the situation so much that young people feel it is glamorous to carry a knife.
Interestingly, participants feel that a knife crime happens when the person is under the influence of alcohol and TV programs and violent movies are not to be blamed for knife crime. Though some participant feels that white people are more concerned about the increase in knife crime, some disagree to this fact and confirm their views that black families are also concerned about the problem.
The research also shows that people are very much aware about the problem and many of them feel that terrible poverty and a feeling of deprivation are gaining high among the youth in London. This is the main reason for which knife crime in increasing in UK. The research shows that due to this reason, some participants feel that tougher laws and regulations is not the solution to the problem. Another point which has been mentioned in the survey is that knife crime is more in some areas, where these people operate as a gang. So, there needs to be regular police raids in those areas. It has also been founded in the research that people feel students should be discouraged and from the school level, it is necessary to explain the harmful consequences of knife crime. Research shows that people feel that it is the Government’s duty to treat this problem as a community one.
Research shows that some people feel that if the condition of these youth can be improved by giving them proper education and job, the problem can be solved quite easily.
The survey was done using Q methodology method because a qualitative analysis was the primary aim of the research. It has been stated in the website http://www.greenspun.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg.tcl?msg_id=00AEIs that “Fundamentally, Q methodology provides a foundation for the systematic study of subjectivity, and it is this central feature that recommends it to persons interested in
Knife crime 4
qualitative aspects of human behavior.” The aim of the research was to reach a subjective conclusion to the problem. The quantitative analysis was not the main objective. Q methodology is mainly used for summative evaluation. It is done at the end of the project and helps to assess effectiveness and helps to think about the improvements of the future. This has been mentioned in the website http://www.seri-us.org/pubs/QMethodGuidance.pdf . It has been mentioned in the above website that the biggest advantage of Q methodology is that each individual participant can express their views in length and in consistent manner. It has been mentioned in http://etd.unisa.ac.za/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-09232005-135754/unrestricted/05chapter5.pdf that the Q methodology gives a clear impression about the participants towards a certain topic.
Since the participants become actively involved in the survey, data collected is highly reliable with missing data, like undecided responses simply do not exist. The sorting process in case of Q methodology is done in presence of researcher, and hence he or she becomes more familiar to the views expressed by the participants. Q methodology was used in this research, as the aim was to judge the public perception of knife crime. The aim was not to measure the exact percentage of the crime, but to do a subjective evaluation of the same. It is also less expensive as the number of participants are few in this methodology. All this has been mentioned in http://etd.unisa.ac.za/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-09232005-135754/unrestricted/05chapter5.pdf.
There are also certain limitations of Q methodology. One of the main limitation is that it is very time consuming. Before the survey starts, both the method and instructions would have to be explained to participants, as most of them are not familiar to the process. This fact has been mentioned in http://etd.unisa.ac.za/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-09232005-135754/unrestricted/05chapter5.pdf. To quote from the above mentioned website, “ Validity can therefore be affected if the participant’s lack of comprehension leads to misrepresentation.”
Another limitation of the Q methodology is that it uses a very small sample size. Sometimes, the size is so small that it cannot be considered to be the general opinion of the rest of the population. Gender identity was seen to be a very important factor while doing the survey. Factors responsible for growing knife crime was very much different described by men and women. Thus the need arose for doing the survey by Q methodology.
Though many knife crimes are happening quite frequently in the UK for the past few years, a knife crime moral panic type has been created in the society by sensational journalistic coverage of those incidents. The victims of this crime are not the adults, but teenagers between the ages 10 to 18. Young people are getting killed not by others, but only by themselves. The problem is more of a social and community one as young people are facing unemployment, feeling of being deprived and have fallen out of the educational net. So, a better youth services plan is necessary to solve this problem. These youths should be handled with care and if possible brought back to the educational net. An initiative can be taken at the school level explaining the youth about the consequences of the knife crime.
It is now the role of the Government to launch a massive Youth Services program and eliminate the ‘deprived’ status from their minds.
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Population: 100 crore 9 crore retired 30 crore in state Govt 17 crore in central Govt (Both Categoy dont work) 1 crore I.T professional (dont work for India) 25 crore in school1 crore r under 5 years 15 crore unemployed 1.2 crore u can find anytime in hospitals statistics says u find 79,99,998 people anytime in jail
Monochromatic dressing (one colour from head to toe) makes anyone look taller and slimmer. Tone-on-tone colouring was a key trend on the runways for spring and is a style that makes anyone leaner.
Get a leggy look
Legs will look longer and slimmer if you always closely match your hose to your shoes and skirts. For a print skirt, use the background colour to find hose in a similar tone.
Hosiery tips
Two-tone shoes pose a dilemma when selecting hosiery. Always wear a neutral colour hose or match your hosiery to the lighter colour in the shoes. Never wear nylons that are darker than the lightest colour in the shoes.
Everybody knows that the most important asset for any internet marketer is their list. No matter what autoresponder you use, if you don't have a list of qualified buyers, you're never going to make the big money.
But what if you woke up one morning and your autoresponder service got wiped out by some freak of nature?
Here's another scenario: what if your pay-per-click campaign got shut down? Or new spam laws prevented your emails from getting delivered?
If you aren't keeping up with the changes in technology (or your autoresponder goes up in smoke) you're outta luck.
Russell Brunson realized this a long time ago and decided to do something about it. He implemented offline marketing into his marketing mix and has tripled his business every year since!
He created a controversial report called the "IM-Myth" where he explains how he did it.
One of Russell's techniques brought in massive profits that wouldn't have been possible online. It's extremely easy to do, yet hardly anyone's doing it.
(And you don't have to worry about watching your profits circle down the drain when your autoresponder fries up)
13 ounces bitter or semisweet chocolate 2 tablespoons unsalted butter 2 large egg yolks 1 1/2 cups heavy cream 2 tablespoons superfine sugar 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
METHOD:
In a microwave safe bowl, combine the chopped chocolate and the butter. Heat in the microwave until melted, about 35 seconds depending on your microwave, and stir to melt completely. Whisk in the egg yolks and set aside to cool. Pour the cream into a chilled bowl of a mixer and beat on medium speed until it starts to thicken. Add the sugar and vanilla and whisk until the cream starts to form stiff peaks. Carefully fold the whipped cream into the cooled chocolate mixture. Serve immediately or cover and chill until ready to serve.
There is a new virus. The code name is WORK.
If you receive WORK from your colleagues, your boss, via e-mail, or from
anyone else, do not touch it under any circumstances.
This virus wipes out your private life completely.
If you should happen to come in contact with this virus, take five friends
and go straight to the nearest bar. Order drinks immediately and after
three rounds, you will find that WORK has been completely deleted from your
system.
Forward this virus warning immediately to at least five friends.
Should you realize you do not have five friends, this means you are already
infected by this virus and WORK already controls your life.
If this is the case, go to the bar and stay until you make at least five
friends.
I think I have five friends, but am not entirely positive so I'm headed for
the bar anyway...it never hurts to be safe.
THANK GOODNESS I GOT THIS IN TIME!
